аа
Contents Ц http://CalendarPetin-Meton.narod.ru/index.htm
ааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа
M.I.Petin
аааааа Bibleа -а Calendarа -а
Nature
аа The solar Gregorian calendar, which practically functions now as
a World calendar is nevertheless perceived nowadays by
most of
our planet population only as Western or Christian
calendar.
The analysis of the
history of creation of the Gregorian calendar and
аits lacks shows the influence on the Gregorian calendar of
certain subjects
and phenomena.
For example, one can assert that there is the
following dependence:
The Bibleа -а
an industrial cycle (work, rest)а
-а a calendar Ц
-
Nature
(the Sun, the Moon, the Earth).
ааа In recent times (IVth century CE) the
Christian Church (the Bible)
exerted its influence on the calendar:
a mythical industrial cycle
(7
day week) was introduced into the calendar, which is still in the calendar
at the present time.
ааа Observed in Nature are the time cycles
connected with the seen
movement of the
heavenly bodies (the Sun, the Moon, the Earth).
These
natural cycles are reflected in a calendar. They are a calendar basis
and are used for counting of long time
intervals.
For
example, the seen Sun movement defines the seasonal solar
year in a calendar, the Moon movement -а the month (lunation),
the Earth rotationа -а the sutki
(day + night).
ааа A mythical 7 day week is absent in Nature.
A calendar problem, in particular, lies in the fact
that
in the 313 year (IVth century CE) the Roman Emperor
Constantineа
wrongly introduced a 7 day
week into the solar (Julian) calendar
when one had
legalized Christian.
Unfortunately,
this mistake was not corrected in 1582 by Roman
Pope Gregory
XIII and by the author (reformer) Christopher
Clavius,
while making the Julian calendar reform.
The mistake
of Emperor
Constantine lies in the inequality
between
the duration of a CALENDAR month and the average
duration
of the NATURAL lunar cycle (29,5305888531 sutki).
Strictly speaking, the duration of one week should be equal to:
29,5305888531: 4 = 7,382 Е sutki.
Further,
taking into account the idea, that in any calendar there can be
only the integers (fractional
numbers should be approximated to
the
nearest integers) it is necessary to consider that:
а
I week=7,38ї1= 7,38=а 7 sutki,аааааааааа i.e.
7
аа I+II week=7,38ї2=14,76=15 sutki, аа i.e. 7+8
аа I+II+III week=7.38x3=22,14=22
sutki,аааааааааа
i.e. 7+8+7ааааааааа
I+II+III+IV
week=7.38x4=29,52=30 (or 29) sutki,
i.e. 7+8+7+8(or 7).
Thus, the
next conclusion follows: for conformity of the CALENDAR months
to
the NATURAL lunar cycles, the following conditions should be observed:
ааааа -а the calendar months (lunations)
should have the structures -
7+8+7+8 (30 sutki) and 7+8+7+7 (29 sutki),
ааааааааа grouped in
the Meton-cycles known from the ancient times
ааааааааа (before the
Julian and Gregorian calendars).
The Gregorian calendar is rather accurate and widespread
but
besides an erroneous 7 day week it has a number of lacks:
- the duration of the months is
different (from 28 up to 31 days),
- the months of different duration
alternate randomly,
-
the quarters of a year have different duration (from
90 to 92 days),
-
the first half-year period is always shorter than the
second one
ааааа (three
days - in an ordinary year and two days - in a leap year),
- the years and
months begin with different week days,
-
10 - 11 weeks " are split ", i.e. one part
of themа belongs
ааааа to
one month, the other part belongs to the other month,
-
the number of working days in different months of the
same
ааааа year
is various (23-27 days when a 6 day working week applies
ааааа and
19-23 days whenа a 5 day working week
applies),
-
the dates of months are not coordinated with days of
the week
ааааа as
well as with the Moon phases,
-
the calendar is not convenient for women (in a female
calendar
ааааа the
periods of the womenТs
biorhythms are close to the periods
ааааа of
lunar cycles),
-
the non-Christian part of the EarthТs population (5
billion
ааааа persons from 6 billion of the
total number of people on
ааааа the
Earth) criticizes the Gregorian calendar (see web-siteа -
ааааааааааа http://www.icacci.org/english/pages/home.html ),
-
the initial date in a calendar is only a myth, a legend, but
ааааа not
the fixed astronomical phenomenon.
How can all these lacks be eliminated?
A
-
be a dual calendar, i.e. a solar
(seasonal) and a lunar-solar
one.
ааааааааааааа Note. Such official STATE calendars (but with a 7 day week)
аааааааааааа exist
now, for example, in
-
have structures of months: 7+8+7+8 (30 days) and
ааааа 7+8+7+7 (29 days),
-
have the initial date in a calendar as the
astronomical phenomenon
ааааа instead
of myths or legends about the birthdays of prophets etc.,
-
be precisely synchronized (an accuracy -/+ 1.5
day)
ааааа in
relation to natural solar and natural lunar cycles,
- ааа be acceptable to any religion,
-аааа etc.
For the
last 200 years the calendar experts have created a lot of
projects of calendars with a 7 day week. But
all of them are like
лthe curve mirrors╗
which are not convenient to use.
The unique project of a
calendar лwith a flat mirror╗
(i.e. 7+8+7+8 and
7+8+7+7) is placed on sites:
http://CalendarPetin-Meton.narod.ru/index.htmаа
http://Petin1Mikhail.narod.ru/index.htm
The
project of the New World Calendar Ц PETIN-METON Calendar -
has a number of advantages in comparison with the
solar Gregorian
or other calendars:
-
it is not required to introduce the
"special" dates.
аааааа Dates 15 and 30 of the lunar months are
the same
ааааа usual
integral days of the week, as are all others,
- the
duration of months is unified - 29 and 30 days,
- а the structure
of months is constant and easily remembered,
- the lengths of lunar years are reduced from six values
ааааааа up to three:
354, 355, 384 days,
-аааааа the quantity of working days in each month is constant
(24 days
when a 6 day working week applies and 20
days when a 5 day working
week applies),
- а
the months, quarters of years
and years begin and finish
ааааааа at the same
days of a week,
-аааааа the dates of months and weekdays are synchronized withа phases
of the Moon (with the rotation of
the Moon around the Earth), which
allows to take into account the workerТs
efficiency in production
connected with the biorhythms, arising under
the influence of the Moon,
-аааааа the new calendar is more convenient for women,
аthan the Gregorian
Calendar,
- аа
all calendar cycles:
- the
sutki (day + night),
- the
lunation (lunar month),
- the
solar year,
- the
Meton cycle (19 solar years),
- the
Grand Meton cycle (6479 solar years)а -а
correspond to the natural rotation periods of heavenly
bodies
аааааа (the Sun, the Moon, the Earth ) relative to each
other,
-ааааа each Grand Meton cycle is attached
to the precise heavenly
time reference points ofа time (orientirs),
i.e. the moments of
the mutual position of the Sun, the
Moon, the Earth when
the Southern solstice,
the solar eclipse and
simultaneously observed and when the solar eclipse will be
repeated through the lunation period.
Such next in turn combination of mutual positions of theа
ааааааа above mentioned heavenly bodies took place on
ааааааа
ааааааа eclipse on
аааааааа http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEcat/SEcatalog.htmlа .
-ааааа correction of discrepancy of lunar and
solar years concerning
ааааааа the calendar
structure and also between themselves is simple;
ааааааа it can be
carried out by high precision compensating methods.
ааа The PETIN-METON calendar is the answer
to
a
question on a calendar reform which was raised in 1953
in the
United Nations under the initiative of the
аwhich had offered Уto
ratify for whole of the world a new, uniform and
аconstant calendar,
astronomically coordinated with the movement of
the Earth
around the Sun which be more correct, scientifically reasonable
and favourable, as compared with the Gregorian calendarФ.
аа The account of lunar months and solar years
in theа
PETIN-METON Calendar creates
conditions for rapprochement
of religious traditions of
Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Buddhism etc.,
based on the most ancient observation of
the seen movements of
the Sun, the Moon and the Earth.
а Being guided by the preservation of an
invariance of each
religious doctrine, and also the principles
of friendly mutual relations,
one can hope that spiritual academies
of different countries will
consider an opportunity of application of
the new solar + lunar-solar
calendar in their states as the World
calendar.
а Expansion of cultural, trading, technical and
telecommunication
connections between peoples
(especially the rapid development
of the Internet-network in recent
years) facilitates the calendar
reform, which is of great international value.
Please, see also:
-
the
Calendar 2006а -а http://CalendarPetin-Meton.narod.ru/phase1.mht
а
-
the
Calendar 2007а -а http://CalendarPetin-Meton.narod.ru/2007phase1.mht
------------------------------------------------------------------------
а Contents Ц http://CalendarPetin-Meton.narod.ru/index.htmаа аааааа
